scalloped hammerhead shark scientific name

Characteristic features. Many, but not necessarily mutually exclusive, functions have been postulated for the cephalofoil, including sensory reception, manoeuvering, and prey manipulation. Like all sharks, hammerheads have electroreceptory sensory pores called ampullae of Lorenzini. Rancho Santa Margarita, Calif. – This World Wildlife Day, March 3,Project AWARE®, WWF and The Manta Trust are pleased to release Responsible Shark and Ray Tourism: A Guide to Best Practice, the world’s first-ever guidelines for shark and ray tourism operators. But, what comes next? The Scalloped Hammerhead sometimes forms large migratory schools, dispersing at night to feed in deeper waters. Given these current fishing pressures, in addition to a lack of management strategies by RFMOs, high rates of Sphyrna lewini captures pose a serious threat to the specie’s survival. Sphyrna lewini is a circumglobal shark species native to coastal warm temperate and tropical seas. When fully grown, it gets to 6 meters in length (20ft) and weighs 170 kilograms (600 pounds). Stingrays are a particular favorite. Scalloped hammerhead images (Sphyrna lewini) - stock photos, illustrations & facts of a shark with a distinctively shaped head Conservation status | Threatened > Endangered Scientific classification | Kingdom: Animalia > Phylum: Chordata > Class: Chondrichthyes > Order: Carcharhiniformes > Family: Sphyrnidae > Genus: Sphyrna > Species: S. lewini Etymology Scientific Names Scalloped hammerhead was first described by Griffith and Smith as Zygaena lewini in 1834, then renamed as Sphyrna lewini (Griffith and Smith, 1834) and remained using this name. Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. When the supply of yolk is exhausted, the depleted yolk sac transforms into a structure analogous to a mammalian placenta (called a "yolk sac placenta" or "pseudoplacenta"), through which the mother delivers sustenance until birth. California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California. The principal conservation problem facing this species is its population decline. Spy on your favorite Tiger, Hammerhead, and Bull sharks in our custom-designed Google Earth interactive map. Its name is derived from the notches or "Scallops" that appear along the front edge of the hammer. Many Hawaiian families believe that they have an aumakua watching over them and protecting them from the niuhi. [31][34] As a consequence, relatively few public aquaria have kept them for long periods. Hammerheads are found worldwide in warmer waters along coastlines and continental shelves. They were not always known by their current name since originally they were called Zygaena … These sharks are often found swimming along the bottom of the ocean, stalking their prey. [12] By distributing the receptors over a wider area, like a larger radio antenna, hammerheads can sweep for prey more effectively. This problem, driven by the high economic value of its fins and the consumption of its meat, has led to the species being overfished during all stages of its lifecycle. A revision of the hammerhead sharks (Family Sphrynida). Found from the very surface down to about 275 m with juveniles living in shallow waters that serve as nursery grounds. The body of Hammerheads is generally a dark grey to brown above and … [28] This practice, known as finning, is lethal to the shark. Species Profile of the Scalloped Hammerhead Common Name: Scalloped Hammerhead Scientific Name: Genus: Sphyrna Species: lewini Scientific Classificatio The hammerhead shark is thought to be the birth animal of some children. Common names: scalloped hammerhead, bronze hammerhead shark, kidney-headed shark Scientific name: _Sphyrna lewini_ Size: 370 to 420 cm Weight: 150 kg (330 lb) Population: unknown (in decline) Distribution: warm and temperate seas, near continents, islands, and seamounts Issues: overexploitation, unintentional catches (bycatch) IUCN Red List Status: … According to DNA studies, the ancestor of the hammerheads probably lived in the Miocene epoch about 20 million years ago. [2][3] They are usually light gray and have a greenish tint. No human fatalities have been recorded.[27]. [14] The great hammerhead, tending to be larger and more aggressive than most hammerheads, occasionally engages in cannibalism, eating other hammerhead sharks, including its own young. Scalloped hammerheads can form seasonal aggregations or live solitary. In native Hawaiian culture, sharks are considered to be gods of the sea, protectors of humans, and cleaners of excessive ocean life. Carter, G. 1967. They are sensitive to light and because of their enhanced social behavior, these sharks are found closer to shore lines during the day and mostly remain in deep … Catalogue of the Genera of Recent Fishes. Fishermen who harvest the animals typically cut off the fins and toss the remainder of the fish, which is often still alive, back into the sea. (+49 228) 815 2401, Fax. Discover How Long Scalloped hammerhead Lives. These are missing in other hammerheads. Their unique heads are used as a weapon when hunting down prey. [14] The hammerhead sharks exhibit a viviparous mode of reproduction with females giving birth to live young. [15], Hammerhead sharks eat a large range of prey such as fish (including other sharks), squid, octopus, and crustaceans. This page was last edited on 12 February 2021, at 20:25. Threats: The scalloped hammerhead is an increasingly targeted species by commercial and illegal fisheries for their fins as these are highly valued in the Asian market for shark fin soup. [5], Hammerheads have disproportionately small mouths compared to other shark species. Population Status: Endangered (IUCN 2013) Teeth: The teeth are designed for grasping prey that is small OUR DATA: We use the most recent data from these primary sources: AnAge, UMICH, Max Planck, PanTHERIA, Arkive, UKC, AKC. [31][35][36] In 2014, fewer than 15 public aquaria in the world kept scalloped hammerheads. Life History: The Scalloped Hammerhead Shark (Sphyrna lewini)can be distinguished from other hammerhead species by an indentation located centrally along the … Hammerhead sharks are (as a group) easily distinguished to other sharks by the hammer like head they have. The developing embryos are at first sustained by a yolk sac. Established in 1964, the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species has evolved to become the world’s most comprehensive information source on the global conservation status of animal, fungi and plant species. Like other sharks, fertilization is internal, with the male transferring sperm to the female through one of two intromittent organs called claspers. scalloped hammerhead shark (Sphyrna lewini) great hammerhead shark (Sphyrna mokarran) smooth hammerhead shark (Sphyrna zygaena). [9] The positioning of the eyes, mounted on the sides of the shark's distinctive hammer head, allows 360° of vision in the vertical plane, meaning the animals can see above and below them at all times. It can grow up to 20 feet in length and weigh up to 1,000 pounds, although smaller sizes are more common. [29], The relatively small bonnethead is regular at public aquariums, as it has proven easier to keep in captivity than the larger hammerhead species,[30][31] and it has been bred at a handful of facilities. Because of difficulties in differentiating between the genus’ species, estimates of trends in abundance are often grouped together as a complex. In Greek, the word Sphyrna means hammer, which describes the most unique feature of hammerheads, the hammer-shaped head. Some of these schools can be found near Malpelo Island in Colombia, the Galápagos Islands in Ecuador, Cocos Island off Costa Rica, near Molokai in Hawaii, and off southern and eastern Africa. Other names that have been used for scalloped hammerhead … Hammerhead Shark Classification and Scientific Name These sharks are in the class Chondrichthyes, or cartilaginous fishes. Common Names: Scalloped Hammerhead Scientific Name: Sphyrna lewini Size: Up to 4.2m Found: Worldwide in coastal regions of tropical, subtropical and moderate climate zones. The Scalloped Hammerhead Shark is mostly found on the continental shelves and prefers the deeper waters. [17], According to the International Shark Attack File, humans have been subjects of 17 documented, unprovoked attacks by hammerhead sharks within the genus Sphyrna since 1580 AD. The scalloped hammerhead shark (Sphyrna lewini) is listed as globally endangered on the IUCN’s Red List. [1], The hammer-like shape of the head may have evolved at least in part to enhance the animal's vision. Proceedings of the United States National Museum: Smithsonian Institution, 119/3539: 1-98. The great and the scalloped hammerheads are listed on the World Conservation Union's (IUCN) 2008 Red List as endangered, whereas the smalleye hammerhead is listed as vulnerable. ACAP, CMS, Dugong, IOSEA Marine Turtles, Sharks, Africa, Asia, Europe, North America, Oceania, South & Central America & The Caribbean, Atlantic Ocean, Eastern Atlantic, Indian Ocean, North Pacific, South Pacific, South-East Asia, South-West Asia, South-Western Atlantic, West Africa, Western Pacific, International Fund for Animal Welfare (IFAW). Tracking GM. Sphyrna lewini scalloped hammerhead shark (Also: Cornuda; Mano kihikihi) Facebook. [7], Using mitochondrial DNA, a phylogenetic tree of the hammerhead sharks showed the winghead shark as its most basal member. The hammerhead sharks are a group of sharks that form the family Sphyrnidae, so named for the unusual and distinctive structure of their heads, which are flattened and laterally extended into a "hammer" shape called a cephalofoil. The Greek word sphyrna translates into "hammer" in English, referring to the shape of this shark's head. The hammerheads seem closely related to the carcharhinid sharks that evolved during the mid-Tertiary period. Originally known as Zygaena lewini, the name of its genus was later renamed to its current name. Scalloped Hammerhead Shark. They are also known to form schools during the day, sometimes in groups over 100. [33] The larger hammerhead species can reach more than twice that size and are considered difficult, even compared to most other similar-sized sharks (such as Carcharhinus species, lemon shark, and sand tiger shark) regularly kept by public aquariums. Distribution While overall similar, this shape differs somewhat between species; e.g., a distinct T-shape in the great hammerhead, a rounded head with a central notch in the scalloped hammerhead, and an unnotched rounded head in the smooth hammerhead. It is found abundantly in depths of 1600 feet (500 meters) and is also often found in shallower waters of about 80 feet (25 meters). Usually, a litter consists of 12 to 15 pups, except for the great hammerhead, which gives birth to litters of 20 to 40 pups. Their bellies are white, which allows them to blend into the background when viewed from below, and sneak up on their prey. The Scalloped Hammerhead Shark has a tapered shape, with light brown, bronze or olive colouring on the dorsal surfaces, fading to white below. G., J. The scalloped hammerhead is an endangered pelagic shark found in warm temperate and tropical seas around the world. [40][41], "Record Hammerhead Pregnant With 55 Pups", "Marine Species ID: Great Hammerhead vs. Scalloped and Smooth Hammerhead", "Hammerhead shark study shows cascade of evolution affected size, head shape", "Enhanced visual fields in hammerhead sharks", "This Shark Eats Grass, and No One Knows Why", "IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Eusphyra blochii", "IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Sphyrna corona", "IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Sphyrna lewini", 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2006.RLTS.T60201A12317805.en, "IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Sphyrna mokarran", "IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Sphyrna tiburo", "IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Sphyrna tudes", "IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Sphyrna zygaena", "Statistics on Attacking Species of Shark", "Panamanian officials find half ton of shark fins", Sharks Highly respected in Hawaiian Culture, "Babies Of The S.E.A. ", "Husbandry of scalloped hammerhead sharks Sphyrna lewini (Griffith & Smith, 1834) at Reef HQ Aquarium, Townsville, Australia", "Indigenous knowledge and cultural values of hammerhead sharks in Northern Australia", "Electroreception in juvenile scalloped hammerhead and sandbar sharks", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hammerhead_shark&oldid=1006422439, Wikipedia pending changes protected pages, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from May 2019, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License.

Kenmore O Hepa Vacuum Bags For Upright Vacuums, Best Beachbody Workout To Lose Weight, Is Jack Nolan Related To The Nolan Sisters, The Cove Map, Natural Sensitive Toothpaste, Dave Déjà Vu, Maven Environment Variables List,